The graph below shows the coal consumption trajectories of two developed countries (the UK and Germany) and two developing countries (Vietnam and Indonesia) from 1965 to 2024.

Instructions: Study the graph above and recall what you learned in the Developing on Coal video to answer the questions.

Question 1: In 1965, how did coal use in Germany and the United Kingdom compare with Indonesia and Vietnam? How did that change in 2024?

Question 2: Around the mid-2010s, coal use in the United Kingdom dropped extremely quickly. What might have happened during this time to cause such a rapid change? What types of policies, technologies, or economic factors could explain it?

Question 3: Indonesia’s coal use rose sharply after about 2015. What does this rapid increase suggest about changes happening in that country’s economy or energy system?

Question 4: Based on the trends shown in the graph, how do you predict coal consumption in Indonesia and Vietnam might change over the next 10-15 years? Explain your reasoning using evidence from the graph.

Question 5: Create your own question from the data chart above, and answer it.