Quiz & Cloze Notes
The Student Guide and Introduction to Natural Gas – Starter Pack contain the quiz and cloze notes.
Quiz Answer Key: Q1:C Q2:A Q3:D Q4:B
Cloze Notes Answer Key: carbon, hydraulic, fracturing, fossil, carbon dioxide, greenhouse gas
Data Set
The Student Guide contains the Introduction to Natural Gas – Data Set.
Answer Key: Question 1: (Example response: Since 1965, global natural gas consumption has steadily increased, showing that many countries rely on natural gas for their energy needs.)
Question 2: (Example response: In 1990, Europe’s natural gas consumption was much higher than Asia Pacific; but by 2020 that had changed, and Asia Pacific’s natural gas consumption overtook Europe.)
Question 3: Answers will vary. (Example: Europe continues to seek transition from fossil fuels toward renewables, as well as reduce reliance on natural gas from Russia).
Question 4: Answers will vary: (Example: Countries in Asia Pacific, such as China and India, are developing rapidly. As infrastructure investment and urbanization increase, so does the demand for and supply of natural gas as a major energy source.)
Question 5: Answers will vary.
Energy + Density Lab
The Student Guide contains the Energy + Density Lab – Student questions.
Sample Data and Activities Answer Key
Step 3
Density Data Table (Example)
| Material | Mass (g) | Initial Volume (mL) | Final Volume (mL) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marble | 6.5 g | 80.2 mL | 82.8 mL |
| Copper Cylinder | 35.1 g | 78.5 mL | 82.5 mL |
Step 4
Calculations Density Table (Example)
| Material | Volume (mL) of material (show your work) | Density (g/mL) (show your work) |
|---|---|---|
| Marble | 82.8 mL – 80.2 mL = 2.6 mL | 6.5 g/2.6 mL = 2.5 g/mL |
| Copper cylinder | 82.5 mL – 78.5 mL = 4.0 mL | 35.1 g/4.0 mL = 8.8 g/mL |
Step 5 Questions
A. Answers will vary depending on materials used. Be certain students list all 5 materials from most dense to least dense.
B. Student answers will vary.
C. Density is used in the real world to identify materials, separate mixtures, recognize impure samples, determine buoyancy, analyze the strength of materials in engineering and construction, applied in geology for layers of earth and in atmospheric studies.
Exploring Energy Density
Step 4 Food Labels
Data Table (Example)
| Food | Energy (Cal) | Mass (g) | Energy Density (Cal/g) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Peanut butter | 190 Cal | 33 g | 5.76 Cal/g |
| 2% milk | 120 Cal | 240 g | 0.50 Cal/ g |
Step 5 Graph
Results will vary depending on the food labels examined and recorded. A bar graph would be best to display the data. Ensure that students have identified each of the 5 foods on the x-axis and used a consistent scale on the y-axis that is labeled Density (Cal/g).
Step 6 Question
High density snacks would be more compact and portable and also provide an efficient way to replenish Calories.
Step 8 Matching
- Coal
- Uranium
- Wood
- Crude Oil
- Liquified Natural Gas
Step 9
Students should have dots equal to the energy density in each box. That is, 16 dots for wood, 24 dots for coal, 42 dots for crude oil, 55 dots for liquified natural gas, and the complete box colored in for uranium.
Step 10 Reflection Questions
- Student answers will vary.
- Energy density of food is in Calories per gram while energy density of fuels is in MJ/kg, although both represent energy (calories and Joules both measure energy) per unit of mass.
- A fuel with low energy density is wood while a food with low energy density is milk (food answer will vary depending on food samples used).
- Of the fuels listed in the question, uranium (nuclear) is used the least globally despite having a very high energy density.
- Oil is used the most globally. Of the non-nuclear fuels, it has a fairly high energy density.
- Eating foods high in energy density make you feel full for a longer period of time. Batteries with high energy density may be smaller and more portable. Crude oil is made into gasoline and other transportation fuels and can supply a large amount of energy.
- Liquified natural gas has a higher energy density than coal and oil. It can then provide more energy per mass than coal and oil. Other advantages include fewer emissions of carbon dioxide and particulate matter. Natural gas also does not create ash like coal.
- Natural gas is a good choice for heating and cooking in homes because of its high energy density, meaning it releases a lot of heat per unit volume when burned. It would be efficient in heating large spaces. It is clean burning with less production of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and no sulfur oxides.
- Student answers will vary but may reflect the high energy density of natural gas as well as the versatility of natural gas. Students may express not to use natural gas as it still produces carbon dioxide emissions.