1. Many energy sources utilize the mechanical energy (the potential and kinetic energy of movement) of spinning turbines to power big machines called generators that produce electricity. Circle the energy sources that use turbines and generators to produce electricity.

2. Potential energy is stored energy, while kinetic energy is the energy of movement. When an object changes its motion (such as water or wind), energy is transferred to and from the object. For each scenario below, decide whether the energy is transferring from the object (exerting kinetic energy) or to the object (gaining potential energy). Explain your reasoning.

A. The Sun heats up the Earth, which in turn warms up the air near the Earth’s surface. In this scenario, the air is

B. The warm air begins to rise, causing the cool air in the atmosphere to rush down to take its place, generating wind currents. In this scenario, the air is

C. Water builds up in the reservoir behind the dam. In this scenario, the water is

D. The dam’s gates are opened and the water rushes downward. In this scenario, the water is

3. How does energy from the Sun provide the energy we (humans) and other animals need to live, grow and develop? Describe the energy transformations starting from the Sun’s radiant energy.

4. Design a simple device that converts energy from one form to another.