Science of Geothermal – Reading

Summary

Geothermal Energy Reading: Tapping Earth’s Heat

This geothermal energy reading is the core text for the Science of Geothermal lesson and is designed to work across a wide range of classrooms. It builds essential background knowledge about how Earth’s internal heat can be used to generate electricity and heat buildings, and it includes a glossary plus two sets of questions so you can choose the level of challenge that best fits your students.

The reading explains what geothermal energy is, where the heat comes from, and why geothermal is easier to access in certain regions. Students learn that geothermal resources are often strongest near plate boundaries and hotspots, and they connect visible features like volcanoes, geysers, and hot springs to geothermal potential. The text then walks through how geothermal reservoirs are accessed by drilling wells and using hot water or steam for electricity or direct heating.

Students are introduced to multiple geothermal technologies in a clear, structured way. The reading explains Enhanced Geothermal Systems and the basic idea of injecting water into hot rock to create steam. It also covers the three main geothermal power plant types and includes geothermal heat pumps so students understand that geothermal can support both electricity generation and building heating and cooling.

How to use it in class

• Use it as a guided reading with the glossary for vocabulary support

• Assign the first question set for comprehension and recall

• Use the second question set for deeper reasoning, discussion, or written responses

• Mix question sets to differentiate without creating a separate assignment

• Pair with a map activity on plate boundaries and hotspots, or a quick CER prompt on benefits and challenges

Paired best with: the Science of Geothermal lesson